The file containing the source code shown below is located in the corresponding directory in <sdk>/samples/android-<version>/...
/*
* Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
* use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
* the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
* the License.
*/
package com.example.android.samplesync.client;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnManagerParams;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import android.accounts.Account;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Provides utility methods for communicating with the server.
*/
final public class NetworkUtilities {
/** The tag used to log to adb console. */
private static final String TAG = "NetworkUtilities";
/** POST parameter name for the user's account name */
public static final String PARAM_USERNAME = "username";
/** POST parameter name for the user's password */
public static final String PARAM_PASSWORD = "password";
/** POST parameter name for the user's authentication token */
public static final String PARAM_AUTH_TOKEN = "authtoken";
/** POST parameter name for the client's last-known sync state */
public static final String PARAM_SYNC_STATE = "syncstate";
/** POST parameter name for the sending client-edited contact info */
public static final String PARAM_CONTACTS_DATA = "contacts";
/** Timeout (in ms) we specify for each http request */
public static final int HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 30 * 1000;
/** Base URL for the v2 Sample Sync Service */
public static final String BASE_URL = "https://samplesyncadapter2.appspot.com";
/** URI for authentication service */
public static final String AUTH_URI = BASE_URL + "/auth";
/** URI for sync service */
public static final String SYNC_CONTACTS_URI = BASE_URL + "/sync";
private NetworkUtilities() {
}
/**
* Configures the httpClient to connect to the URL provided.
*/
public static HttpClient getHttpClient() {
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
final HttpParams params = httpClient.getParams();
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
ConnManagerParams.setTimeout(params, HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
return httpClient;
}
/**
* Connects to the SampleSync test server, authenticates the provided
* username and password.
*
* @param username The server account username
* @param password The server account password
* @return String The authentication token returned by the server (or null)
*/
public static String authenticate(String username, String password) {
final HttpResponse resp;
final ArrayList<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(PARAM_USERNAME, username));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(PARAM_PASSWORD, password));
final HttpEntity entity;
try {
entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params);
} catch (final UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// this should never happen.
throw new IllegalStateException(e);
}
Log.i(TAG, "Authenticating to: " + AUTH_URI);
final HttpPost post = new HttpPost(AUTH_URI);
post.addHeader(entity.getContentType());
post.setEntity(entity);
try {
resp = getHttpClient().execute(post);
String authToken = null;
if (resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
InputStream istream = (resp.getEntity() != null) ? resp.getEntity().getContent()
: null;
if (istream != null) {
BufferedReader ireader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(istream));
authToken = ireader.readLine().trim();
}
}
if ((authToken != null) && (authToken.length() > 0)) {
Log.v(TAG, "Successful authentication");
return authToken;
} else {
Log.e(TAG, "Error authenticating" + resp.getStatusLine());
return null;
}
} catch (final IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "IOException when getting authtoken", e);
return null;
} finally {
Log.v(TAG, "getAuthtoken completing");
}
}
/**
* Perform 2-way sync with the server-side contacts. We send a request that
* includes all the locally-dirty contacts so that the server can process
* those changes, and we receive (and return) a list of contacts that were
* updated on the server-side that need to be updated locally.
*
* @param account The account being synced
* @param authtoken The authtoken stored in the AccountManager for this
* account
* @param serverSyncState A token returned from the server on the last sync
* @param dirtyContacts A list of the contacts to send to the server
* @return A list of contacts that we need to update locally
*/
public static List<RawContact> syncContacts(
Account account, String authtoken, long serverSyncState, List<RawContact> dirtyContacts)
throws JSONException, ParseException, IOException, AuthenticationException {
// Convert our list of User objects into a list of JSONObject
List<JSONObject> jsonContacts = new ArrayList<JSONObject>();
for (RawContact rawContact : dirtyContacts) {
jsonContacts.add(rawContact.toJSONObject());
}
// Create a special JSONArray of our JSON contacts
JSONArray buffer = new JSONArray(jsonContacts);
// Create an array that will hold the server-side contacts
// that have been changed (returned by the server).
final ArrayList<RawContact> serverDirtyList = new ArrayList<RawContact>();
// Prepare our POST data
final ArrayList<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(PARAM_USERNAME, account.name));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(PARAM_AUTH_TOKEN, authtoken));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(PARAM_CONTACTS_DATA, buffer.toString()));
if (serverSyncState > 0) {
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(PARAM_SYNC_STATE, Long.toString(serverSyncState)));
}
Log.i(TAG, params.toString());
HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params);
// Send the updated friends data to the server
Log.i(TAG, "Syncing to: " + SYNC_CONTACTS_URI);
final HttpPost post = new HttpPost(SYNC_CONTACTS_URI);
post.addHeader(entity.getContentType());
post.setEntity(entity);
final HttpResponse resp = getHttpClient().execute(post);
final String response = EntityUtils.toString(resp.getEntity());
if (resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// Our request to the server was successful - so we assume
// that they accepted all the changes we sent up, and
// that the response includes the contacts that we need
// to update on our side...
final JSONArray serverContacts = new JSONArray(response);
Log.d(TAG, response);
for (int i = 0; i < serverContacts.length(); i++) {
RawContact rawContact = RawContact.valueOf(serverContacts.getJSONObject(i));
if (rawContact != null) {
serverDirtyList.add(rawContact);
}
}
} else {
if (resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED) {
Log.e(TAG, "Authentication exception in sending dirty contacts");
throw new AuthenticationException();
} else {
Log.e(TAG, "Server error in sending dirty contacts: " + resp.getStatusLine());
throw new IOException();
}
}
return serverDirtyList;
}
/**
* Download the avatar image from the server.
*
* @param avatarUrl the URL pointing to the avatar image
* @return a byte array with the raw JPEG avatar image
*/
public static byte[] downloadAvatar(final String avatarUrl) {
// If there is no avatar, we're done
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(avatarUrl)) {
return null;
}
try {
Log.i(TAG, "Downloading avatar: " + avatarUrl);
// Request the avatar image from the server, and create a bitmap
// object from the stream we get back.
URL url = new URL(avatarUrl);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.connect();
try {
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
final Bitmap avatar = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(connection.getInputStream(),
null, options);
// Take the image we received from the server, whatever format it
// happens to be in, and convert it to a JPEG image. Note: we're
// not resizing the avatar - we assume that the image we get from
// the server is a reasonable size...
Log.i(TAG, "Converting avatar to JPEG");
ByteArrayOutputStream convertStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(
avatar.getWidth() * avatar.getHeight() * 4);
avatar.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 95, convertStream);
convertStream.flush();
convertStream.close();
// On pre-Honeycomb systems, it's important to call recycle on bitmaps
avatar.recycle();
return convertStream.toByteArray();
} finally {
connection.disconnect();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException muex) {
// A bad URL - nothing we can really do about it here...
Log.e(TAG, "Malformed avatar URL: " + avatarUrl);
} catch (IOException ioex) {
// If we're unable to download the avatar, it's a bummer but not the
// end of the world. We'll try to get it next time we sync.
Log.e(TAG, "Failed to download user avatar: " + avatarUrl);
}
return null;
}
}