Putting pixels on the screen involves four primary pieces of hardware. To greatly simplify, the CPU computes display lists, the GPU renders images to the display, the memory stores images and data, and the battery provides electrical power. Each of these pieces of hardware has constraints; pushing or exceeding those constraints causes your app to be slow, have bad display performance, or exhaust the battery.
To discover what causes your specific performance problems, you need to take a look under the hood, use tools to collect data about your app's execution behavior, surface that data as lists and graphics, understand and analyze what you see, and improve your code.
Android Studio and your device provide profiling tools to record and visualize the rendering, compute, memory, and battery performance of your app.
Rendering Analysis Tools
Visualize the rendering behavior and performance of your app.
Memory Analysis Tools
Visualize the memory behavior and performance of your app.
Compute Analysis Tools
Visualize the CPU behavior and performance of your app.
Battery Analysis Tools
Visualize the battery behavior and performance of your app.